Disclaimer
Disclaimer
Every density-based result on CookScale is an estimate. Verify with a kitchen scale when the bake matters — and always check labels if you have a food allergy.
Results are approximate
A cup is a volume and a gram is a weight, and the link between them is density — different for every ingredient, and variable even for the same ingredient. Our figures come from published King Arthur Baking and USDA FoodData Central data, measured spooned and levelled unless noted. But flour picks up moisture in a humid kitchen, brown sugar packs tighter than white, cocoa powder settles in the tin, and brands differ. A result of 120 g for a cup of flour is a good starting point, not a measurement of the flour in your cupboard.
The same applies to every other result on the site: substitution ratios, scaling factors, pan-size volumes and baking-time adjustments are all estimates based on standard practice, not guarantees. Ovens vary by 10–25°F from the dial. Use the results as a guide, check for doneness with a skewer or thermometer, and adjust to taste.
Not professional advice
CookScale is a general cooking reference, not professional culinary, nutritional or medical advice. We are not professional chefs, dietitians or doctors, and nothing on this site should be treated as a substitute for professional advice — especially for medical diets, infant feeding, or food preparation for people with serious allergies or medical conditions.
Allergies and food safety
Substitution guides frequently suggest ingredients that are common allergens — nuts, dairy, eggs, wheat, soy. A substitution that works in a recipe may not be safe for you. Always read product labels yourself, check for cross-contamination warnings, and when in doubt, choose a different recipe rather than a different ingredient. We are not responsible for allergic reactions or food-safety incidents arising from following a substitution on this site.
No warranty
CookScale is provided “as is”, without warranties of any kind. We do our best to keep the numbers right — see our Editorial Policy for how we source and check them — but we do not guarantee that any result is exact, and we are not liable for a failed recipe, wasted ingredients, or any other loss arising from using the site. See the Terms of Service for the full terms.
If you spot a number you believe is wrong, please tell us on the Contact page — corrections are checked against the published sources and fixed when they are right.